长廊
Long Corridor
长廊宽5米，长350米，前窗后墙，连檐通脊，共72间，又称“七十二连房”，是宰牲亭、神厨、神库连接祈谷坛的封闭式通道。
祭祀前夕，廊内悬灯，典礼所需玉帛牲醴粢盛庶品等一应供品，沿长廊送上祭坛。
5 metres in width and 350 metres in lenght, the Long Corridor is composed of 72 rooms sharing the same back wall, the roof ridge and eaves, and hence the name of the seventy-two connected rooms. It ias an enclosed passage connecting the animal killing pavilion, the divine kitchen and the divine warehouse.
On the eve of the sacrificial ceremony, the corridor was lit up by lanterns and all the offerings including jade, silk, grains and fruits were transported to the altars along the Long Corridor.
柏林
祈谷、园丘两坛环绕以柏林，寓《周礼》“苍璧礼天”之意。坛内古柏近4000株，最高树龄约800岁，是珍贵的文物。坛域古木参天、苍翠浓绿，创造出神坛特有的庄严肃穆的氛围。
祈年门
Gate of Prayer for Good Harvests
是祈年殿院落的正门，为庑殿顶建筑．殿宇五楹，中三间为门，崇基石栏，是中国古代最高级门制。祈年门中门供皇天上帝专用，皇帝进出左（东）门，百官进出右（西）门。该建筑系明初原物。
This square roofed structure is the main gate to the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests. THe three central bays of this 5-bay structure are designated as the gate. It situated on a high terrace surrounded with balustrades of the highest-ranking gate system in ancient China. The middle door was exclusively the God of Heaven, the east one for the Son of Heaven - the emperor, and the west one was for the court officials. It is an original building of the early Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).
祈年殿
Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests
建于明．永乐十八年（1420），初名“大祀殿”，为一矩形大殿，用于合祀天、地。嘉靖二十四年（1545）改为三重檐圆殿，殿顶覆盖上青、中黄、下绿三色琉璃，寓意天、地、万物，并更名为“大享殿”。
清.乾隆十六年（1751），改三色瓦为统一的蓝瓦金顶，定名“祈年殿”，是孟春（正月）祈谷的专用建筑。
祈年殿殿高38.2米，直径24.2米，内部开间还分别寓意四季、十二月、十二时辰以及周天星宿，是古代明堂式建筑仅存的一例。
Built in 1420 during the reign of Ming Emperor Yongle, the original hall, rectangular in shape, was first named the Great Hall for Sacrificial Rituals used to worship both Earth and Heaven. In 1545 during Ming Emperor Jiajing's reign, it was rebuilt as a round hall with a triple - eaved roof covered with blue, yellow and green glazed tiles symbolizing Heaven, Earth and the mortal world; it was renamed the Great Hall for Offering Sacrifices.
Reconstructed again in 1751 during the reign of Qing Emperor Qianlong, it was surmounted by a triple roof with azure glazed tiles only, culminating in a gilded sphere and renamed the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, exclusively used to pray for good harvests in January.
38.2 meters high and 24.2 meters in diameter, the hall is supported by immense pillars, symbolizing the four seasons, the 12 months of the year, the 12 time divisions of the day and night, and all the constellations. It is the only existing example of the ancient Ming Tang architectural style.
皇乾殿
Imperial Hall of Heaven
皇乾殿是祈谷坛的“天库”。大典时祈年殿所供奉的“皇天上帝”和皇帝列祖列宗的神板平日在店内供奉。祈谷大典前一日，皇帝亲临上香，行请神礼后，才由太常寺官员将神板以龙亭恭请至祈年殿内务神位陈放。该殿初建于明永乐十八年（1420），为五间庑殿顶，上覆蓝色琉璃瓦的大殿，殿匾为明嘉靖皇帝朱厚熜御笔。
The Imperial Hall of Heaven was "The Heavenly Warehouse" of the Altar of Prayer for Harvests. The tablet of the God of Heaven and the tablets of the emperor's ancestors to be displayed and worshipped during the ceremony held in the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests were kept here. The day before the ceremony, the emperor came here in person to burn incense stickes and perform divine greetings for the transference; then the officials of the Ministry of Rites transferred the tablets to their appropriate places in the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests. With a square roof and eaves in four directions covered with blue glazed tiles, the hall was first built in 1420 during Ming Emperor Yongle's reign. The hall placard bears an inscription in the handwriting of Emperor Jiajing (1522-1566) of the Ming Dynasty.
古稀门
Seventy-Year-Old Door
清．乾隆四十四年（1779），弘历（乾隆皇帝）时年七十，太常寺官员建议在皇乾殿西侧辟一小型角门，供皇帝祭祀行礼出入以减少步行路程，乾隆欣然采纳。但又恐子孙均走此门形成懈怠不恭，便下诏明确“今后子孙寿达七十者方可出入此门”，故称此门为“古稀门”。以后，清代各帝均无高寿，事实上出入此门者仅乾隆皇帝一人而已。
In 1779, when Emperor Qianlong was 70 years old, he fell his health was failing, so the officials of the Ministry of Rituals suggested opening a small door in the wall est of the Imperial Hall of Heaven so as to shorten the distance of his work to the ceremony. The emperor gladly accepted it. But out of the fear that his offspring would abuse this convenience, he issued a decree saying, "From now on only he among my offspring can enter and exit by this door who has reached the age of 70". Hence the name "Seventy-Year-Old Door". None of the later emperors reached this advanced age; so, Qianlong was the only person who had used this door.
丹陛石雕
Danbi Stairway Stone Carvings
祈年殿巨大的三层圆形石基座共八出陛。其中，南、北两向的石壁中镶有巨幅石浮雕，自上而下分别为“双龙山海”、“双凤山海”、“瑞云山海”图案，寓意龙凤呈祥。各层望柱头、出水嘴的石雕纹饰也相一致。
The huge 3-tier round stone terrace of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests has 8 stairways. The central parts of the stairways facing north and south are decorated with stone bas-reliefs named "Two Dragons over Mountains and Seas", "Two Phoenixes over Mountains and Seas", and "Auspicious Clouds over Mountains and Seas" respectively from the upper to the lowest level. Symbols of dragons and phoenixes are auspicious. The balustrade pillars and waterspouts on each tier are similarly decorated.
九龙柏
Nine Dragon Juniper
此树是一株500余岁的古老的桧柏。树干挺拔粗壮、形象奇特，树干表面遍布纵向沟壑，并随着主干的升高而扭曲上升，状如九条蟠龙盘旋腾飞，故称“九龙柏”。
This is a Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis) of 5000 and more years age. Straight, robust and in a grotesque shape, the trunk is covered all over with spiral grooves whcih twist up vertically along as if nine coiling dragons were wreathing up into the sky, and hence the name of "the Nine-Dragon Juniper".
玉辇
Imperial Sedan
为皇帝祭天乘坐的大桥，由36人肩抬。长约12米、宽2.8米、高3.6 米。桥内设茶几、宝剑、
The Imperial Sedan was specially used by emperors to go for the ceremonies to worship heaven. It was 12 meters long, 2.8 meters wide and 3.6 meters high. 36 strong bearers carried it with their shoulders. Indside it displayed items such as a tea table, a sword and a golden spittoon. It was believed to be the best among the imperial sedans.
When emperors went to the temple of heaven from the Forbidden City to worship heaven, there were more than 10 groups of bearers, who got ready for carried the sedan. Still there were thousands of people who accompanied the emperors to the temple of heaven for the ceremony. In such a way, the emperors got to the temple of heaven for the ceremonies to worship heaven.
皇穹宇
The Imperial Vault of Heaven
建于明嘉靖九年（1530）。初名“泰神殿”，是园丘坛天库的正殿。用于平日供奉祀天大典所供神版。嘉靖十七年（1538）改名为“皇穹宇”。清乾隆十七年（1752）改建为今式。
皇穹宇殿高19.2米，直径15.6米，木拱结构，严谨、精致，上覆蓝瓦金顶，精巧而庄重。殿内天花藻井为青绿基调的金龙藻井，中心为大金团龙图案，是古代建筑杰作。
Built in 1530 (the 9th year of Emperor Jiajing's reign of the Ming Dynasty), first named the Hall of Appeasing Gods, it was the main hall of the Celestial Treasure House of the Circular Mound Altar, housing the God's tablets to be used at the ceremony of worshipping Heaven. It was renamed the Imperial Vault of Heaven in 1538 (the 17th year of Emperor Jiajing's reign) and rebuilt into the present shape in 1752 (the 17th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign of the Qing Dynasty).
19.2 meter in height and 15.6 meters in diameter, the hall is a finely interlaced wooden structure with a blue tile roof crowned with a glided sphere, looking elegant and majestic. It has a coffered ceiling with a bluish green design of a coiling gilded dragon playing with a pearl at the centre. It is indeed a masterpiece of ancient architecture of China.
东配殿
East Annex Hall
明嘉靖九年（1530）建，歇山殿顶，天青琉璃屋面，饰旋子彩画，造型精巧。殿内平日供奉大明之神（太阳）、北斗七星、金木水土火五星、周天星辰等神版。
It was built in 1530 (the 9th year of Emperor Jiajing's reign of the Ming Dynasty). With a hanging pitch roof covered with sky blue glazed tiles, the Hall is finely decorated with Zuanzhi painted designs and motifs. It was used to house the divine tablets of such gods as the Great Brightness (the sun), the Polar Stars, Venues, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Saturn, and other celestial stars.
西配殿
West Annex Hall
明嘉靖九年（1530）建。殿内设石须弥座两个，平日用于供奉神版。西殿是夜明之神（月）、云雨风雷诸神神牌供奉处。
It was built in 1530 (the 9th year of Emperor Jiajing's reign of the Ming Dynasty). In the hall there are two stone Xumeru pedestals upon which were kept the divine tablets. The West Annex Hall was used to house the divine tablets of such gods as the Nocturnal Brightness (moon), and the gods of Cloud, Rain, Wind and Thunder.
回音壁
Echo Wall
回音壁是皇穹宇的圆形围墙。因墙体坚硬光滑，是声波的良好反射体，又因圆周曲率精确，声波可沿墙面连续反射传播。如两人分立于东，西配殿后回音壁下，面对墙轻声对话，双方均能清晰听到，一呼一应，一问一答，妙趣横生。
The Echo Wall is the circular surrounding wall of the Imperial Vault of Heaven. The hard and smooth wall in a perfect circumference constitutes an excellent reflecting body for the sound waves, which travel along the wall surface by continuous reflections. If two persons stand by the wall behind the East Annex Hall and the West Annex Hall respectively and speak with their face toward north, they can hear each other's voice clearly. Calls and responses or asks and answers constitute a wonderful conversation.
斋宫
Fasting Palace
建于明永乐十八年（1420），是皇帝斋戒专用宫室。祀前皇帝需提前三天到斋宫斋戒，要求不茹荤、不饮酒、不听音乐、不入内寝、不理刑名、不问疾吊丧，清正洁身，以示敬诚。
斋宫位于祈谷坛西南隅，朝向取东，瓦用绿色以表达帝王向天称臣、庄敬恭谦之意。
天坛斋宫，平面正方形，面积近4万平方米。宫内建有无梁殿、寝殿、铜人石亭、钟楼，值守房和巡守步廊等礼仪、居住、服务、警卫专用建筑。斋宫布局严谨，环境典雅，以宫墙两重、御沟两道环护。
The Palace of Abstinence, built in 1420 (The 18th year of Ming Emperor Yongle's Reign), was the place where the Emperor used to observe abstinence from meat, drink, music, women, and care for the state affairs three days before he conducted sacrificial rites at the temple.
The palace, looking east and located to the southwest of the altar of prayer for grains, is covered with green tiles symbolizing the Emperor's obedience to heaven.
The palace, square in shape, covers an area of 40,000 square meters. Within the palace there are such ritual, service and defensive buildings as the beamless hall, bed chambers, a belfry, a stone pavilion housing a bronze statue (symbol of justice and righteousness), and rooms for guards and servants.
The palace with a canonical layout and beautiful environment is girdled by a double wall and a double moat.
神乐署
斋宫西南为神乐署，是明清时期演习祭祀乐的场所，是建于明永乐十八年（1420）。明嘉靖时期署内乐舞生多达三千多人，作为皇家专用的音乐学府，神乐署设立专门机构和专职人员对乐舞生进行培养和训练。
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